便宜VPS网请问在LINUX中DNS服务器配置的流程是怎么样的？为什么NAMED服务总是启动不了？
首先安装三个包
然后建域
配置named.conf
建区域文件然后做出配置
就行了
你应该是named.conf没有配置
在Linux上搭建DNS服务如果named.conf和zone文件配置都没有问题但启动失败是何原因
安装 BIND 软件包
1、安装
# yum -y install bind caching-nameserver
2、配置
下面的例子是以公网IP（172.16.0.80/29），局域网IP（192.168.0.0/24），域名（linuxde.net）作说明。在配置你自己的服务器时，请使用你自己的IP和域名。
# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
directory \"/var/named\";
# query range
allow-query { localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; };
# transfer range
allow-transfer { localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; };
# recursion range
allow-recursion { localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; };
};
controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };
};
# here is the section for internal informations
vimew \"internal\" {
match-clients {
localhost;
192.168.0.0/24;
};
zone \".\" IN {
type hint;
file \"named.ca\";
};
# set zones for internal
zone \"linuxde.net\" IN {
type master;
file \"linuxde.net.lan\";
allow-update { none; };
};
# set zones for internal
zone \"0.168.192.in-addr.arpa\" IN {
type master;
file \"0.168.192.db\";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone \"localdomain\" IN {
type master;
file \"localdomain.zone\";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone \"localhost\" IN {
type master;
file \"localhost.zone\";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone \"0.0.127.in-addr.arpa\" IN {
type master;
file \"named.local\";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone \"255.in-addr.arpa\" IN {
type master;
file \"named.broadcast\";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone \"0.in-addr.arpa\" IN {
type master;
file \"named.zero\";
allow-update { none; };
};
};
vimew \"external\" {
match-clients {
any;
};
zone \".\" IN {
type hint;
file \"named.ca\";
};
# set zones for external
zone \"linuxde.net\" IN {
type master;
file \"linuxde.net.wan\";
allow-update { none; };
};
# set zones for external *note
zone \"80.0.16.172.in-addr.arpa\" IN {
type master;
file \"80.0.16.172.db\";
allow-update { none; };
};
};
include \"/etc/rndc.key\";
# *note : For How to write for reverse resolvimng, Write network address reversely like below.
the case for 192.168.0.0/24
network address? 192.168.0.0
range of network? 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.0.255
how to write? 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa
case of 172.16.0.80/29
network address? 172.16.0.80
range of network? 172.16.0.80 - 172.16.0.87
how to write? 80.0.16.172.in-addr.arp
设置Zones
创建zone文件以便服务器能解析域名IP。
1、内部zone文件
这个例子使用的是内网地址（192.168.0.0/24），域名(linuxde.net)，请根据自己的具体情况配置。
# vim /var/named/linuxde.net.lan
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. (
2007041501 ;Serial
3600 ;Refresh
1800 ;Retry
604800 ;Expire
86400 ;Minimum TTL
)
# define name server
IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
# internal IP address of name server
IN A 192.168.0.17
# define mail exchanger
IN MX 10 ns.linuxde.net.
# define IP address and hostname
ns IN A 192.168.0.17
2、外部zone文件
这个例子使用的是外网地址（172.16.0.80/29），域名（linuxde.net），请替换成自己的。
# vim /var/named/linuxde.net.wan
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. (
2007041501 ;Serial
3600 ;Refresh
1800 ;Retry
604800 ;Expire
86400 ;Minimum TTL
)
# define name server
IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
# external IP address of name server
IN A 172.16.0.82
# define Mail exchanger
IN MX 10 ns.linuxde.net.
# define IP address and hostname
ns IN A 172.16.0.82
创建zone文件使服务器能够反向解析IP到域名。
3、内部zone文件
这个例子使用的是内网地址（192.168.0.0/24），域名（linuxde.net），请使用自己的设置替换。
# vim /var/named/0.168.192.db
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. (
2007041501 ;Serial
3600 ;Refresh
1800 ;Retry
604800 ;Expire
86400 ;Minimum TTL
)
# define name server
IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
# define range that this domain name in
IN PTR linuxde.net.
# define IP address and hostname
IN A 255.255.255.0
17 IN PTR ns.linuxde.net.
4、外部zone文件
这例子使用外网地址（172.16.0.80/29），域名（linuxde.net），请替换成自己的。
# vim /var/named/80.0.16.172.db
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. (
2007041501 ;Serial
3600 ;Refresh
1800 ;Retry
604800 ;Expire
86400 ;Minimum TTL
)
# define name server
IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
# define range that this domain name in
IN PTR linuxde.net.
# define IP address and hostname
IN A 255.255.255.248
82 IN PTR ns.linuxde.net.
启动BIND
1、完成BIND的配置后，在启动named之前，还需要建立chroot环境。
# yum -y install bind-chroot
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/named start
# chkconfig named on
2、操作检验
确认服务器已经正确解析域名或IP地址。
# dig ns.linuxde.net.
; DiG 9.3.4 ns.linuxde.net.
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 54592
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;ns.linuxde.net. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
ns.linuxde.net. 86400 IN A 192.168.0.17
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
linuxde.net. 86400 IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.0.17#53(192.168.0.17)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 8 19:35:19 2007
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 68
# dig -x 192.168.0.17
; DiG 9.3.4 -x 192.168.0.17
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 45743
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;17.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
17.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR ns.linuxde.net.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns.linuxde.net. 86400 IN A 192.168.0.17
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.0.17#53(192.168.0.17)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 8 19:37:50 2007
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 107
配置从DNS服务器
配置从DNS服务器比较简单。下面的例子主DNS是“ns.linuxde.net”，从DNS是“ns.example.info”。
1、在主DNS服务器的zone文件作如下配置
# vim /var/named/linuxde.net.wan
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.linuxde.net. root.linuxde.net. (
# update serial
2007041501 ;Serial
3600 ;Refresh
1800 ;Retry
604800 ;Expire
86400 ;Minimum TTL
)
IN NS ns.linuxde.net.
# add name server
IN NS ns.example.info.
IN A 172.16.0.82
IN MX 10 ns.linuxde.net.
ns IN A 172.16.0.82
# rndc reload
server reload successful
2、配置从DNS服务器
# vim /etc/named.conf
# add these lines below
zone \"linuxde.net\" IN {
type slave;
masters { 172.16.0.82; };
file \"slaves/linuxde.net.wan\";
};
# rndc reload
server reload successful
# ls /var/named/slaves
linuxde.net.wan # zone file in master DNS has been just transfered
设置别名记录，如果你想为你的主机设置另一个名称，在zone文件定义CNAME记录
# vim /var/named/server-Linux.info.wan
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.server-linux.info. root.server-linux.info. (
# update serial
2007041501 ;Serial
3600 ;Refresh
1800 ;Retry
604800 ;Expire
86400 ;Minimum TTL
)
IN NS ns.server-linux.info.
IN A 172.16.0.82
IN MX 10 ns.server-linux.info.
ns IN A 172.16.0.82
# aliase IN CNAME server\'s name
ftp IN CNAME ns.server-linux.info.
# rndc reload
server reload successful
linux配置dns named服务无法启动 报错如下
首先你需要把bind有log配好,这样出错易查找.
其次你确认下文件
/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.ca是否存在?
